Abstract
Keywords
Citation Yao Qing-sheng.各系列职称的翻译.FUTURE & CIVILIZATION Natural/Social Philosophy & Infomation Sciences,20231225. https://yaoqs.github.io/20231225/ge-xi-lie-zhi-cheng-de-fan-yi/
  • (一)研究系统
    • 研究员 [正高] professor , professor + 学科
    • 副研究员 [副高] associate professor; associate professor of 学科。
    • 助理研究员 [中] research associate;
    • 研究实习员 [初] research assistant.
  • (二) 大学教师系列
    • 教授 [正高] professor
    • 副教授 [副高] associate professor; associate professor of 学科。
    • 讲师 [中] lecturer
    • 助教 [初] assistant
  • (三) 中等专业学校、技工学校教师系统
    • 高级讲师 [副高] senior lecturer;
    • 讲师 [中] lecturer;
    • 助理讲师 [初] assistant lecturer;
    • 教员 [初] teacher;
    • 高级实习指导教师 [副高] senior instructor;
    • 一级实习指导教师 [中] first-grade instructor;
    • 二级实习指导教师 [初] second-grade instructor;
    • 三级实习指导教师 [初] third-grade instructor.
  • (四) 中学教师系列
    • 中学高级教师 [副高] 可译为 senior teacher (secondary school);
    • 中学一级教师 [中] first-grade teacher (secondary school);
    • 中学二级教师 [初] second-grade teacher (secondary school);
    • 中学三级教师 [初] third-grade teacher (secondary school)。
  • (五) 小学教师系列
    • 小学高级教师 [中] senior teacher (primary school);
    • 小学一级教师 [初] first-grade teacher (primary school);
    • 小学二级教师 [初] second-grade teacher (primary school);
    • 小学三级教师 [初] third-grade teacher (primary school)。
  • (六) 工程技术系列
    • 教授级高级工程师 [正高] professor of engineering;
    • 高级工程师 [副高] senior engineering 或 associate professor of engineering;
    • 工程师 [中] engineer;
    • 助理工程师 [初] assistant engineer;
    • 技术员 [初] technician
  • (七) 实验系列
    • 高级实验师 [高] senior lab master
    • 实验师 [中] lab master
    • 助理实验师 [初] assistant lab master
    • 实验员 [初] laboratory technician。
  • (八) 农业技术系列
    • 高级农艺师 [高] senior agronomist
    • 农艺师 [中] agronomist;
    • 助理农艺师 [初] assistant agronomist;
    • 农业技术员 [初] agricultural technician.
  • (九) 图书资料系列
    • 研究馆员 [正高] professor of library science;
    • 副研究馆员 [副高] associate professor of library science;
    • 馆员 [中] librarian;
    • 助理馆员 [初] library assistant;
    • 管理员 [初] clerk。
  • (十) 档案系列
    • 研究馆员 [正高] professor of archives science;
    • 副研究馆员 [副高] associate professor of archives science;
    • 馆员 [中] archivist;
    • 助理馆员 [初] assistant archivist;
    • 管理员 [初] file clerk
  • (十一) 文物博物系列
    • 研究馆员 [正高] professor of relics and museology;
    • 副研究馆员 [副高] associate professor of relics and museology;
    • 馆员 [中] museologist;
    • 助理馆员 [初] assistant museologist;
    • 文博管理员 [初] conservator。
  • (十二) 卫生技术系列
    • 主任医师 [正高] 在医科大学讲课的教授,叫 professor of medicine, 或者 professor of medicial science, 而主任医师主要在医院工作,为了有所区别,可将 “主任医师” 译作 professor of treatment 或 professor + 从事的专长学科(例如:professor of paediatrics [儿科主任医师],professor of dermatology [皮肤科主任医师],等等)
    • 副主任医师 [副高] associate professor of treatment, 或 associate professor of + 学科。
    • 主治医师 [中] 可译作 doctor-in-charge;如果要表达清楚,则可分别译作 surgeon-in-charge [外科主治医师],oculist-in-charge [眼科主治医师],pediatrician-in-charge [儿科主治医师],physician-in-charge [内科主治医师],gyneco-logist-in-charge [妇科主治医师], dermatol-ogist-in-charge [皮肤科主治医师],dentist-in-charge [牙科主治医师],等等。
    • 医师 [初] doctor, 或 doctor + 科别;
    • 医士 [初] assistant doctor.
    • 主任药师 [正高] professor of pharmacy;
    • 副主任药师 [副高] associate professor of pharmacy;
    • 主管药师 [中] pharmacist-in-charge;
    • 药师 [初] pharmacist;
    • 药士 [初] assistant pharmacist。
    • 主任护师 [正高] professor of nursing;
    • 副主任护师 [副高] associate professor of nursing;
    • 主管护师 [中] nurse-in-charge;
    • 护师 [初] nurse practitioner;
    • 护士 [初] nurse 或 nurse’s aide。
    • 主任技师 [正高] full senior technologist;
    • 副主任技师 [副高] associate senior technologist;
    • 主管技师 [中] technologist-in-charge;
    • 技师 [初] technologist;
    • 技士 [初] technician。
  • (十三) 新闻系列
    • 高级编辑 [正高] full senior editor;
    • 主任编辑 [副高] associate senior editor;
    • 编辑 [中] editor;
    • 助理编辑 [初] assistant editor。
    • 高级记者 [正高] full senior reporter;
    • 主任记者 [副高] associate senior reporter;
    • 记者 [中] reporter;
    • 助理记者 [初] assistant reporter。
  • (十四) 出版系列
    • 编审 [正高] full senior editor
    • 副编审 [副高] associate senior editor
    • 编辑 [中] editor;
    • 助理编辑 [初] assistant editor;
    • 技术编辑 [中] technical editor;
    • 助理技术编辑 [初] assistant technical editor;
    • 技术设计员 [初] technical designer;
    • 一级校对 [中] first-grade proofreader;
    • 二级校对 [初] second-grade proofreader;
    • 三级校对 [初] third-grade proofreader。
  • (十五) 翻译系列
    • 译审 [正高] full senior translator
    • 副译审 [副高] associate senior translator
    • 翻译 [中] translator;
    • 助理翻译 [初] assistant translator 。
  • (十六) 广播电视播音系列
    • 播音指导 [正高] director of announcing;
    • 主任播音员 [副高] chief announcer;
    • 一级播音员 [中] first-grade announcer;
    • 二级播音员 [初] second-grade announcer;
    • 三级播音员 [初] third-grade announcer。
  • (十七) 经济系列
    • 高级经济师 [高] senior economist;
    • 经济师 [中] economist;
    • 助理经济师 [初] assistant economist;
    • 经济员 [初] economic clerk。
  • (十八) 会计系列
    • 高级会计师 [高] senior accountant;
    • 会计师 [中] accountant;
    • 助理会计师 [初] assistant accountant;
    • 会计员 [初] treasurer。
  • (十九) 统计系列
    • 高级统计师 [高] senior statistician;
    • 统计师 [中] statistician;
    • 助理统计师 [初] assistant statistician;
    • 统计员 [初] statistical clerk。
  • (二十) 律师系列
    • 一级律师 [正高]“律师”,在英美有多种叫法:比较通用的是 lawyer;“一级律师” 译 first-grade lawyer;
    • 二级律师 [副高] second-grade lawyer;
    • 三级律师 [中] third-grade lawyer;
    • 四级律师 [初] fourth-grade lawyer;
    • 律师助理 [初] lawyer’s assistant
  • (二十一) 公证系列
    • 一级公证员 [正高]“公证员” 译成 notary public (简称 NP) 或 notary 都可以,而用 NP 更正式一些。“一级公证员” 可译 first-grade notary public;
    • 二级公证员 [副高] second-grade notary public;
    • 三级公证员 [中] third-grade notary public;
    • 四级公证员 [初] fourth-grade notary public;
    • 公证员助理 [初] notary’s assistant
  • (二十二) 海关系列
    • 高级关务监督 [高] senior customs supervisor;
    • 关务监督 [中] customs supervisor;
    • 助理关务监督 [初] assistant customs supervisor;
    • 关务员 [初] customs clerk。
  • (二十三) 航空飞行系列
    • 一级飞行员 [高] first-grade pilot;
    • 二级飞行员 [中] second-grade pilot;
    • 三级飞行员 [初] third-grade pilot;
    • 四级飞行员 [初] fourth-grade pilot;
    • 一级领航员 [高] first-grade navigator;
    • 二级领航员 [中] second-grade navigator;
    • 三级领航员 [初] third-grade navigator;
    • 四级领航员 [初] fourth-grade navigator;
    • 一级飞行通信员 [高] first-grade flight radioman;
    • 二级飞行通信员 [中] second-grade flight radioman;
    • 三级飞行通信员 [初] third-grade flight radioman;
    • 四级飞行通信员 [初] fourth-grade flight radioman;
    • 一级飞行机械员 [高] first-grade flight engineer;
    • 二级飞行机械员 [中] second-grade flight engineer;
    • 三级飞行机械员 [初] third-grade flight engineer;
    • 四级飞行机械员 [初] fourth-grade flight engineer。
  • (二十四) 船舶技术系列
    • 高级船长 [高] 英语里关于 “船长” 一词有好几个对应词:captain, shipmaster, 拟译为 captain; “高级船长” 译作 senior captain;
    • 船长 [中] captain;
    • 大副 [中] 译作 first mate 或 mate;
    • 二副 [初] second mate;
    • 三副 [初] third mate;
    • 高级轮机长 [高] senior engineer 或 senior chief engineer;
    • 轮机长 [中] chief 或 chief engineer;
    • 大管轮 [中] first engineman;
    • 二管轮 [初] second engineman;
    • 三管轮 [初] third engineman;
    • 高级电机员 [高] senior electrician;
    • 通用电机员 [中] general electrician;
    • 一等电机员 [中] first electrician;
    • 二等电机员 [初] second electrician;
    • 高级报务员 [高] senior radioman;
    • 通用报务员 [中] general radioman;
    • 一等报务员 [中] first radioman;
    • 二等报务员 [初] second radioman;
    • 限用报务员 [初] special radioman。
  • (二十五) 体育教练系列
    • 主教练 [高] chief coach;
    • 教练 [中] coach;
    • 助理教练 [初] assistant coach。
  • (二十六) 艺术系列
    • 一级 [高] first-grade(如 “一级演员”,first-grade actor);
    • 二级 [高] second-grade (如 “二级画师”,second-grade painter);
    • 三级 [初] third-grade(如 “三级导演”,third-grade director);
    • 四级 [初] fourth-grade (如 “四级演员”,fourth-grade actor)。
  • (二十七) 工艺美术系列
    • 高级工艺美术师 [高] senior industrial artist;
    • 工艺美术师 [中] industrial artist;
    • 助理工艺美术师 [初] assistant industrial artist;
    • 工艺美术员 [初] painter of handicraft。
  • (二十八) 其它
    • 审计(audit),套用会计系列职称,但 “审计员” 可译 auditor;专利(patent), 套用研究系列职称;法医 (forensic medicine),套用卫生技术系列职称。

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